50 MCQs Life Processes Class 10 Science Question with Answers

Explore the fascinating world of science with these 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Life Processes, tailored for Class 10 students. This comprehensive set delves into essential topics like nutrition, respiration, transportation and excretion, ensuring a thorough understanding of the biological mechanisms that sustain life.

Each question is carefully designed to test knowledge, enhance learning and prepare students for exams. With clear, concise answers provided, this resource serves as an excellent tool for revision and self assessment. Strengthen your grasp of core scientific concepts and boost your confidence with this engaging collection of Life Processes MCQs.

Here are all 50 Class 10 Science Life Process MCQs with answers and explanations:


  1. Which of the following is not a life process?
    A. Respiration
    B. Reproduction
    C. Excretion
    D. Photosynthesis
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Reproduction is not considered a necessary life process for the survival of an individual organism. Essential life processes include respiration, nutrition, and excretion.

  1. In humans, digestion of food starts in which organ?
    A. Stomach
    B. Small intestine
    C. Mouth
    D. Esophagus
    Answer: C
    Explanation: The digestion of food begins in the mouth where the enzyme amylase, present in saliva, starts breaking down starch into sugar.

  1. Which of the following processes is used by green plants to make food?
    A. Respiration
    B. Transpiration
    C. Photosynthesis
    D. Excretion
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce food (glucose) and oxygen.

  1. Which pigment is responsible for capturing light energy in photosynthesis?
    A. Hemoglobin
    B. Chlorophyll
    C. Carotene
    D. Xanthophyll
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that captures light energy from the sun for photosynthesis.

  1. In which form is glucose transported through the phloem in plants?
    A. Sucrose
    B. Fructose
    C. Lactose
    D. Starch
    Answer: A
    Explanation: In plants, glucose is converted into sucrose for transportation through the phloem to different parts of the plant.

  1. Which organ is primarily responsible for water absorption in the human body?
    A. Stomach
    B. Small intestine
    C. Large intestine
    D. Kidneys
    Answer: C
    Explanation: The large intestine absorbs water from the undigested food and forms solid waste (feces).

  1. The breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen is called:
    A. Respiration
    B. Photosynthesis
    C. Fermentation
    D. Glycolysis
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Fermentation is the process of glucose breakdown in the absence of oxygen, producing alcohol or lactic acid and energy.

  1. Which of the following is a waste product of aerobic respiration?
    A. Oxygen
    B. Water
    C. Glucose
    D. Carbon dioxide
    Answer: D
    Explanation: During aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down with the help of oxygen, producing carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

  1. Which organ of the human body excretes urea?
    A. Liver
    B. Kidneys
    C. Lungs
    D. Skin
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The kidneys filter urea from the blood and excrete it as urine.

  1. Which type of organism is used in the process of fermentation?
    A. Algae
    B. Yeast
    C. Bacteria
    D. Virus
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Yeast performs fermentation, converting sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen.

  1. Which is the energy currency of the cell?
    A. Glucose
    B. NADPH
    C. ATP
    D. ADP
    Answer: C
    Explanation: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various biological processes.

  1. The functional unit of the kidney is called:
    A. Neuron
    B. Nephron
    C. Alveoli
    D. Villus
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.

  1. Which of the following is a part of the respiratory system in humans?
    A. Trachea
    B. Pancreas
    C. Liver
    D. Heart
    Answer: A
    Explanation: The trachea, or windpipe, is a part of the respiratory system that carries air to the lungs.

  1. Which of the following processes does not occur in the small intestine?
    A. Protein digestion
    B. Fat digestion
    C. Carbohydrate digestion
    D. Urea formation
    Answer: D
    Explanation: Urea formation occurs in the liver as part of the excretory system, not in the small intestine.

  1. Which process helps in the upward movement of water in plants?
    A. Transpiration
    B. Photosynthesis
    C. Respiration
    D. Excretion
    Answer: A
    Explanation: Transpiration is the process of water movement through plants, with water evaporating from the leaves, pulling water upward from the roots.

  1. What is the main source of energy for cellular respiration?
    A. Proteins
    B. Carbohydrates
    C. Fats
    D. Vitamins
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Carbohydrates, especially glucose, are the primary source of energy for cellular respiration.

  1. Which enzyme in saliva breaks down starch?
    A. Pepsin
    B. Lipase
    C. Amylase
    D. Trypsin
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Amylase in saliva breaks down starch into simpler sugars during the process of digestion.

  1. Which blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart?
    A. Arteries
    B. Veins
    C. Capillaries
    D. Pulmonary veins
    Answer: D
    Explanation: Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

  1. What is the role of bile in digestion?
    A. Digesting carbohydrates
    B. Breaking down proteins
    C. Emulsifying fats
    D. Absorbing water
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets, which aids in fat digestion.

  1. Which of the following gases is released during photosynthesis?
    A. Carbon dioxide
    B. Oxygen
    C. Nitrogen
    D. Hydrogen
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis, released when water molecules are split.

  1. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
    A. Aorta
    B. Pulmonary artery
    C. Pulmonary vein
    D. Vena cava
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

  1. What is the function of the xylem in plants?
    A. Transport of food
    B. Transport of water
    C. Storage of nutrients
    D. Synthesis of glucose
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Xylem is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.

  1. Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
    A. Stomach
    B. Small intestine
    C. Large intestine
    D. Esophagus
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The small intestine is where most nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream after digestion.

  1. In which organ does the exchange of gases occur in humans?
    A. Lungs
    B. Heart
    C. Kidney
    D. Liver
    Answer: A
    Explanation: The exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) takes place in the alveoli of the lungs.

  1. Which process is responsible for the removal of metabolic waste from the body?
    A. Digestion
    B. Circulation
    C. Excretion
    D. Respiration
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Excretion is the process of removing metabolic waste products, like urea, from the body.

  1. The human heart has how many chambers?
    A. Two
    B. Four
    C. Three
    D. Five
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The human heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

  1. Which of the following is not part of the excretory system?
    A. Lungs
    B. Kidneys
    C. Liver
    D. Heart
    Answer: D
    Explanation: The heart is part of the circulatory system, not the excretory system.

  1. **What is the major by-product

of cellular respiration?**
A. Glucose
B. Oxygen
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Nitrogen
Answer: C
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is a by-product of cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down to release energy.


Here are the remaining Class 10 Science Life Process MCQs:


  1. Which type of tissue transports food in plants?
    A. Xylem
    B. Phloem
    C. Parenchyma
    D. Sclerenchyma
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Phloem is responsible for transporting food (sugars) made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.

  1. Which gas is primarily required for aerobic respiration?
    A. Nitrogen
    B. Carbon dioxide
    C. Oxygen
    D. Hydrogen
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Oxygen is essential for aerobic respiration, where it helps in the complete breakdown of glucose to release energy.

  1. In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily occur?
    A. Roots
    B. Stem
    C. Leaves
    D. Flowers
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the leaves, which contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures sunlight.

  1. Which organ system is responsible for the transport of substances in humans?
    A. Digestive system
    B. Respiratory system
    C. Circulatory system
    D. Excretory system
    Answer: C
    Explanation: The circulatory system, consisting of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, is responsible for the transport of nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body.

  1. Which part of the nephron is responsible for filtration of blood?
    A. Glomerulus
    B. Bowman’s capsule
    C. Loop of Henle
    D. Collecting duct
    Answer: A
    Explanation: The glomerulus is a network of capillaries in the nephron that filters blood to form urine.

  1. Which organ stores bile before it is released into the small intestine?
    A. Liver
    B. Gallbladder
    C. Pancreas
    D. Spleen
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The gallbladder stores bile, produced by the liver, and releases it into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats.

  1. Which of the following is not an excretory product in animals?
    A. Carbon dioxide
    B. Urea
    C. Oxygen
    D. Ammonia
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Oxygen is not an excretory product in animals. It is used for respiration, while carbon dioxide, urea, and ammonia are excreted as waste products.

  1. Which process in plants helps to eliminate excess water?
    A. Photosynthesis
    B. Transpiration
    C. Respiration
    D. Germination
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Transpiration is the process through which excess water is eliminated from the plant, primarily through the stomata in the leaves.

  1. The energy required for photosynthesis is provided by:
    A. Water
    B. Sunlight
    C. Glucose
    D. Oxygen
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Sunlight provides the energy required for photosynthesis, enabling plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

  1. Which of the following best describes autotrophic nutrition?
    A. Organisms that eat other organisms
    B. Organisms that produce their own food
    C. Organisms that depend on dead and decaying matter
    D. Organisms that require a host to survive
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Autotrophic organisms, such as green plants, produce their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.

  1. Which of the following is an end product of anaerobic respiration in muscles during intense exercise?
    A. Alcohol
    B. Lactic acid
    C. Carbon dioxide
    D. Oxygen
    Answer: B
    Explanation: During anaerobic respiration in muscles, lactic acid is produced due to insufficient oxygen supply, which can cause muscle cramps.

  1. What is the role of hemoglobin in the human body?
    A. Transporting oxygen
    B. Producing energy
    C. Digesting proteins
    D. Excreting waste
    Answer: A
    Explanation: Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.

  1. Which of the following processes is essential for maintaining the water balance in plants?
    A. Transpiration
    B. Photosynthesis
    C. Respiration
    D. Excretion
    Answer: A
    Explanation: Transpiration helps maintain water balance in plants by allowing water to evaporate through the leaves.

  1. The pancreas secretes which digestive enzyme?
    A. Pepsin
    B. Trypsin
    C. Amylase
    D. Lipase
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The pancreas secretes trypsin, an enzyme that aids in protein digestion, along with other enzymes like amylase and lipase.

  1. What is the primary function of stomata in plants?
    A. Absorbing water
    B. Exchanging gases
    C. Releasing oxygen
    D. Photosynthesis
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that regulate gas exchange, including the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.

  1. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
    A. Right atrium
    B. Right ventricle
    C. Left atrium
    D. Left ventricle
    Answer: C
    Explanation: The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

  1. Which of the following is a type of heterotrophic nutrition?
    A. Photosynthesis
    B. Chemosynthesis
    C. Saprotrophic nutrition
    D. Autotrophic nutrition
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Saprotrophic nutrition is a type of heterotrophic nutrition where organisms feed on dead and decaying matter, like fungi.

  1. Which is the largest gland in the human body?
    A. Pancreas
    B. Liver
    C. Gallbladder
    D. Thyroid
    Answer: B
    Explanation: The liver is the largest gland in the human body and is responsible for various functions, including detoxification and bile production.

  1. What is the function of the alveoli in the human lungs?
    A. Transport blood
    B. Exchange gases
    C. Filter waste
    D. Digest food
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs during breathing.

  1. Which of the following helps in clotting of blood?
    A. Red blood cells
    B. White blood cells
    C. Platelets
    D. Plasma
    Answer: C
    Explanation: Platelets are responsible for blood clotting by forming a plug at the site of a wound to prevent excessive bleeding.

  1. What is the role of villi in the small intestine?
    A. Secreting enzymes
    B. Absorbing nutrients
    C. Transporting oxygen
    D. Producing bile
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Villi are small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.

  1. What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
    A. Nephron
    B. Neuron
    C. Alveoli
    D. Villus
    Answer: B
    Explanation: Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting nerve impulses throughout the body.

These 50 MCQs with answers and explanations cover key concepts of the life processes chapter in Class 10 Science.

For More MCQs Visit Here

Leave a Comment